R\u00e9amhr\u00e1: Cad is Cumhacht-go-G\u00e1s ann?<\/span><\/p>
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\n<\/div><\/p>\n\n De r\u00e9ir mar iompa\u00edonn an domhan i dtreo fhoins\u00ed in-athnuaite cos\u00fail le gaoth agus an ghrian chun freastal ar \u00e9ileamh ar fhuinneamh, t\u00e1 fadhb mh\u00f3r n\u00e1r mh\u00f3r do na saineolaithe dul i ngleic l\u00e9i: is \u00e9 sin conas an sol\u00e1thar agus an t-\u00e9ileamh a chothrom\u00fa ar an ngreille leictreachais a bhfuil a fhoins\u00ed cumhachta ag luaini\u00fa go n\u00e1d\u00fartha. C\u00e9 go mb\u00edonn roinnt laethanta go maith \u00f3 thaobh na gaoithe agus solas na gr\u00e9ine de, b\u00edonn laethanta eile nach mb\u00edonn. Conas gur f\u00e9idir linn leas a bhaint as an bhfuinneamh glan seo agus ag an am c\u00e9anna an ghreille leictreachais a chothrom\u00fa? Is \u00e9 an r\u00e9iteach at\u00e1 ann do st\u00f3r\u00e1il fuinnimh fhadt\u00e9armach agus ar mh\u00f3rsc\u00e1la n\u00e1: Cumhacht go G\u00e1s. <\/p>\n\n Is teicneola\u00edocht \u00e9 cumhacht-go-g\u00e1s at\u00e1 deartha chun cumhacht in-athnuaite a chomhth\u00e1th\u00fa i bhfeidhmeanna \u00e9ags\u00fala g\u00e1is. Is \u00e9 an ch\u00e9ad ch\u00e9im sa phr\u00f3iseas cumhacht go g\u00e1s n\u00e1 an t-uisce a scoilt go hidrigin agus ocsaigin, tr\u00ed \u00fas\u00e1id a bhaint as an bhfuinneamh in-athnuaite breise, \u00f3 ghaoth agus gr\u00e9ine. D\u00e9antar \u00e9 seo tr\u00ed phr\u00f3iseas ceimiceach ar a dtugtar leictreal\u00fa. I gc\u00e9im bhreise, is f\u00e9idir leis an hidrigin a imoibr\u00edonn le catalytically le d\u00e9-ocsa\u00edd charb\u00f3in a thabhairt mar thoradh meat\u00e1n, pr\u00f3iseas ar a dtugtar freisin cumhacht-go-Meat\u00e1in. I gc\u00e9im bhreise, is f\u00e9idir leis an hidrigin iomoibr\u00fa go catala\u00edoch le d\u00e9-ocsa\u00edd charb\u00f3in chun meat\u00e1n a chruth\u00fa, pr\u00f3iseas ar a dtugtar Cumhacht-go-Meat\u00e1n. <\/p>\n\n Teicneola\u00edocht Cumhacht go Meat\u00e1in Electrochaea: Conas a oibr\u00edonn s\u00e9?<\/p>
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\n<\/div><\/p>\n\n D\u2019fhorbair Electrochaea r\u00e9iteach ar sc\u00e1la tionscla\u00edoch maidir le h\u00fas\u00e1id carb\u00f3in a thionta\u00edonn leictreachas in-athnuaite agus d\u00e9-ocsa\u00edd charb\u00f3in (CO2) ina gh\u00e1s in-athnuaite oiri\u00fanach don ghreille ar f\u00e9idir leis teacht in ionad g\u00e1is iontaise n\u00e1d\u00fartha. <\/b>T\u00f3gann an teicneola\u00edocht Cumhacht-go-Meat\u00e1n seo, ar a dtugtar bithmheat\u00e1n, hidrigin (H2) a th\u00e1irgtear le cumhacht in-athnuaite, agus comhcheangla\u00edtear \u00e9 le CO2 chun meat\u00e1n a th\u00e1irgeadh (CH4), agus d\u00e9antar an fuinneamh leictreach in-athnuaite a st\u00f3r\u00e1il go h\u00e9ifeachtach i naisc cheimiceacha an mheat\u00e1in. <\/b>T\u00e1 an meat\u00e1n in-athnuaite seo go hioml\u00e1n comhoiri\u00fanach don bhonneagar g\u00e1is n\u00e1d\u00fartha at\u00e1 ann faoi l\u00e1thair. Is f\u00e9idir \u00e9 a instealladh i bp\u00edbl\u00ednte g\u00e1is n\u00e1d\u00fartha at\u00e1 ann cheana agus a st\u00f3r\u00e1il ar feadh laethanta, seachtain\u00ed n\u00f3 m\u00edonna. Is f\u00e9idir \u00e9 a iompar lena \u00fas\u00e1id in \u00e1it eile freisin n\u00f3 mar mhalairt air sin \u00e9 a thiont\u00fa go bith-LNG.<\/span><\/p>
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\n<\/div><\/p>\n\n Figi\u00far 1: Gl\u00e9asra Togra Bithmhe\u00e1ine Electrochaea in Aved\u00f8re<\/span><\/i>, A<\/span>n D\u00e1nmhairg. <\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>
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\n<\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n Tr\u00edd is tr\u00edd, \u00edsl\u00edonn bithmheat\u00e1n an acmhainn suite\u00e1ilte tuartha, coinn\u00edonn s\u00e9 seasmhacht i sol\u00e1thar \u00a0so-iomparaithe as foins\u00ed in-athnuaite leictreachais agus d\u00e9antar an \u00fas\u00e1id is fearr is f\u00e9idir a bhaint as leictreachas ciorraithe. Mar a l\u00e9ir\u00edtear i bhFigi\u00far 2, is f\u00e9idir le bithmheath\u00fa c\u00fapl\u00e1il earn\u00e1la agus sol\u00e1thar fuinnimh neodrach CO2 a chumas\u00fa. T\u00e1 r\u00f3l l\u00e1rnach aige mar mhol st\u00f3r\u00e1la fuinnimh, leictreachais, teasa, tionscail agus iompair san fhadt\u00e9arma. <\/b>F\u00e1gann s\u00e9 gur f\u00e9idir d\u00edcharb\u00f3n\u00fa n\u00edos doimhne a dh\u00e9anamh tr\u00ed earn\u00e1lacha ar n\u00f3s teas agus taisteal a chuir san \u00e1ireamh agus is f\u00e9idir CO2 a ath\u00fas\u00e1id mar g\u00e1s n\u00e1d\u00fartha in-athnuaite. Is miocrorg\u00e1nach \u00e9 cro\u00ed-ch\u00f3ras Electrochaea at\u00e1 tagtha chun cinn go roghnaitheach \u2013 ar a dtugtar \u2018methanogenic archaea\u2019\u00a0 \u2014 at\u00e1 f\u00edor-\u00e9ifeachachtach de bharr a chumais catala\u00edgh agus a st\u00f3inseacht thionscla\u00edoch nach bhfacthas a leith\u00e9id riamh roimhe.<\/b><\/span><\/p>
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\n<\/div><\/p>\n\n Archaea: Cad iad go d\u00edreach?<\/span><\/u>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>
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\n<\/div><\/p>\n\n Is \u00e9ard at\u00e1 in Archaea n\u00e1 org\u00e1naigh aoncheallacha 3.5 billi\u00fan d\u2019aois (F\u00edor 3) a chuims\u00edonn ceann amh\u00e1in de thr\u00ed r\u00e9imse de na horg\u00e1naigh bheo go l\u00e9ir, mar aon le baict\u00e9ir agus eukaryotes. \u00das\u00e1ideann teicneola\u00edocht Electrochaea archaea meat\u00e1ng\u00e9ineach at\u00e1 forbartha go roghnaitheach; <\/i><\/b>t\u00e1 a fhios ag na archaea conas rud amh\u00e1in a dh\u00e9anamh agus sin eile, agus d\u00e9anann siad go maith \u00e9. <\/b>T\u00e1irgeann siad meat\u00e1n \u00f3 hidrigin agus CO2 faoi choinn\u00edollacha anaer\u00f3bacha tr\u00edd an imoibri\u00fa CO2<\/sub> + 4 H2<\/sub><\/span>\uf0e0<\/span>CH4<\/sub> +H2<\/sub>O. Ina theannta sin, d\u00e9anann siad amhlaidh le h\u00e9ifeacht\u00falacht carb\u00f3in go meat\u00e1in > 98 %. In \u00e9agmais hidrigin n\u00f3 CO2, fanann an archaea i m\u00f3d c\u00faltaca amh\u00e1in – is f\u00e9idir leis seo maireacht\u00e1il ar feadh uaireanta, laethanta n\u00f3 m\u00edonna gan cur isteach ar na miocrorg\u00e1naigh. D\u00e1 bhr\u00ed sin, t\u00e1 an cumas ag c\u00f3ras bithmheat\u00e1in Electrochaea a bheith ar si\u00fal agus m\u00fachta go tapa, agus a bheith ar f\u00e1il i m\u00f3d \u2018r\u00e9idh\u2019 ar chostas \u00edseal. <\/span><\/p>
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\n<\/div><\/p>\n\n Fig 3. Grianghraf micreasc\u00f3p leictreon den Electrochaea archaea, \u00e9ags\u00fal\u00fa den Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus. \u00a9An tOllamh Andreas Klingl, 2017<\/span><\/i><\/p>
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\n<\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n Oile\u00e1in Fhuinnimh: Conas is f\u00e9idir leo bunt\u00e1iste a fh\u00e1il \u00f3 Theicneola\u00edochta\u00ed Cumhachta-go-G\u00e1s?<\/span><\/p>
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\n<\/div><\/p>\n\n T\u00e1 go leor d\u00fashl\u00e1n fuinnimh os comhair na n-oile\u00e1n geografach mar gheall ar an su\u00edomh sonrach at\u00e1 acu agus na d\u00e1la\u00ed aer\u00e1ide at\u00e1 acu. Is dea-shampla\u00ed iad seo a leanas do seo: ag braith ar an m\u00ednt\u00edr do bhreosla, costais arda leictreachais, teorann\u00fa ar ghini\u00faint fuinnimh, agus m\u00edchothroma\u00edochta\u00ed ar \u00e9ileamh agus freagartha fuinnimh de bharr turas\u00f3ireacht. Is f\u00e9idir cabhr\u00fa chun aghaidh a thabhairt ar na bacainn\u00ed seo tr\u00ed rial\u00fa, agus bainisti\u00fa a dh\u00e9anamh ar fhoins\u00ed fuinnimh agus na pr\u00f3if\u00edl\u00ed ualaigh at\u00e1 i gceist. Ina theannta sin, le comhth\u00e1th\u00fa na r\u00e9iteach st\u00f3r\u00e1la fuinnimh, is f\u00e9idir cabhr\u00fa freisin tr\u00ed sciar n\u00edos m\u00f3 den fhuinneamh in-athnuaite a chur i bhfeidhm agus cobhsa\u00edocht agus athl\u00e9imneacht na greille leictreachais a chinnti\u00fa. <\/p>\n\n D\u00e1 bhr\u00ed sin, is f\u00e9idir le cumhacht go g\u00e1s a bheith ina r\u00e9iteach ar na baic seo le haghaidh pobail neamhsple\u00e1ch ar n\u00f3s na bpobal oile\u00e1nda, tr\u00ed chumas\u00fa a dh\u00e9anamh ar \u00e1bhar agus timthriallacha fuinnimh neamhspl\u00e9acha.<\/p>\n\n I ndeireadh na d\u00e1la, cuireann c\u00f3ras cumhacht go g\u00e1s bunt\u00e1ist\u00ed ar f\u00e1il i dtreo neamhsple\u00e1chas ioml\u00e1n leictreachais do phobail oile\u00e1nda. Is f\u00e9idir na saor\u00e1id\u00ed gini\u00fana leictreachais agus an c\u00f3ras cumhacht go g\u00e1s a thoisi\u00fa ionas gur f\u00e9idir an t-\u00e9ileamh ar fad ar leictreachas, \u00e9ags\u00falachta\u00ed s\u00e9as\u00faracha san \u00e1ireamh, a sh\u00e1samh tr\u00edd an t\u00e1irgeadh \u00e1iti\u00fail i gc\u00f3na\u00ed. Is f\u00e9idir \u00e9 sin a dh\u00e9anamh i saor\u00e1id\u00ed pr\u00edomhghini\u00fana (gaoth, PV, bithmhais) n\u00f3 tr\u00ed gh\u00e1s in-athnuaite st\u00f3r\u00e1ilte a athleicri\u00fa go leictreachas glas. Gan cumhacht go g\u00e1s, n\u00ed f\u00e9idir ach earn\u00e1il an leictreachais agus earn\u00e1il an teasa a dh\u00edcharb\u00f3n\u00fa tr\u00ed \u00fas\u00e1id a bhaint as fuinneamh in-athnuaite agus r\u00e9itigh st\u00f3r\u00e1la gearr-go-me\u00e1nacha.<\/p>\n\n Miche\u00e1l \u00d3 M\u00f3r\u00e1in<\/strong> (\u00dadar\u00e1s na Gaeltachta<\/a>)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"![\"\"](\"https:\/\/react2020.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2021\/12\/Figure-1-1024x546.jpg\")
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