{"id":25061,"date":"2021-03-31T13:29:28","date_gmt":"2021-03-31T13:29:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/react2020.eu\/?p=25061"},"modified":"2021-03-31T13:29:28","modified_gmt":"2021-03-31T13:29:28","slug":"solubthacht-na-gcaideal-teasa-maidir-le-heileamh-freagartha-fuinnimh-ar-inis-mor-arainn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/react2020.eu\/ga\/2021\/03\/31\/solubthacht-na-gcaideal-teasa-maidir-le-heileamh-freagartha-fuinnimh-ar-inis-mor-arainn\/","title":{"rendered":"Sol\u00fabthacht na gCaid\u00e9al Teasa maidir le h\u00c9ileamh Freagartha Fuinnimh ar Inis M\u00f3r, \u00c1rainn."},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Dr. Gerhard TOTSCHNIG, Dr. Demet SUNA<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

AIT Institi\u00faid Teicneola\u00edochta na hOstaire GmbH, Giefinggasse 2 1210 V\u00edn, An Ostair \nT: +43 664 88335436, E-phost: gerhard.totschnig@ait.ac.at, W: www.ait.ac.at<\/a><\/p>\n\n

R\u00e9amhr\u00e1 <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Mar chuid de thogra H2020 REACT d\u00e9antar anail\u00eds ar an bhf\u00e9idearthacht at\u00e1 ann \u00fas\u00e1id an leictreachais a athr\u00fa ar bhonn sol\u00fabtha le caid\u00e9il teasa le foinse aeir i ngn\u00e1th-thithe c\u00f3naithe in Inis M\u00f3r: i.e: an tomhaltas leictreachais a oiri\u00fan\u00fa do thr\u00e9imhs\u00ed ama ina bhfuil s\u00e9 tairbheach do ch\u00f3ras leictreachais an oile\u00e1in ina ioml\u00e1ine. \nCialla\u00edonn s\u00e9 sin; an leictreachas a \u00fas\u00e1id nuair a bh\u00edonn s\u00e9 ar f\u00e1il agus saor, agus \u00e9 a sheachaint nuair a bh\u00edonn an sol\u00e1thar gann agus costasach. Taispe\u00e1nann tortha\u00ed na hanail\u00edse seo go bhf\u00e9adfa\u00ed 35% den \u00e9ileamh leictreachais ar an me\u00e1n a aistri\u00fa go hamanna nuair a bh\u00edonn sol\u00e1thar leictreachais sa bhreis ar f\u00e1il agus go bhf\u00e9adfa\u00ed 32% de na costais leictreachais a sh\u00e1bh\u00e1il. Mar sin f\u00e9in, le go mbeidh siad in ann na c\u00f3rais go l\u00e9ir a oibri\u00fa ar bhealach eacnama\u00edoch teasta\u00edonn taraif\u00ed sol\u00fabtha \u00f3 na h\u00fas\u00e1ideoir\u00ed deiridh, ionas gur f\u00e9idir leis na h\u00fas\u00e1ideoir\u00ed deiridh cinneadh \u00fas\u00e1ide a dh\u00e9anamh bunaithe ar phraghas an leictreachais.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00falra agus an Cur Chuige<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

T\u00e1 na hOile\u00e1in \u00c1rann, tr\u00ed oile\u00e1n beaga at\u00e1 t\u00e1bhachtach go cult\u00fartha, suite amach \u00f3 ch\u00f3sta iarthair na h\u00c9ireann i gCuan na Gaillimhe, agus suntasach \u00f3 thaobh na staire \u00e1rsa a bhaineann leo. T\u00e1 n\u00edos m\u00f3 n\u00e1 75% d\u2019achar tal\u00fan Inis M\u00f3r ina \u2018Limist\u00e9ar Caomhnaithe Speisialta\u2019, \u00e1it a bhfuil srian ar fhorbairt. T\u00e1 t\u00edrdhreach an oile\u00e1in aitheanta leis an aolchloch bhoireannach, le balla\u00ed cloiche tirime agus aillte m\u00f3ra \u00f3 dheas agus in iarthar an oile\u00e1in. T\u00e1 c\u00e1il ar na hoile\u00e1in as na tithe at\u00e1 t\u00f3gtha as cloch, agus at\u00e1 ag seasamh in aghaidh na gaoithe de ghn\u00e1th a thagann aniar agus aniar aneas. Is \u00ed an turas\u00f3ireacht an pr\u00edomhthionscal ar na hoile\u00e1in agus d\u00e9antar an me\u00e1n daonra a dh\u00fabailt i rith m\u00edonna an tsamhraidh. Is \u00e9 aidhm na hanail\u00edse n\u00e1 meastach\u00e1n a dh\u00e9anamh ar acmhainneacht sol\u00fabthachta na dtithe c\u00f3naithe maidir le caid\u00e9il teasa le foinse aeir, sa ch\u00e1s is d\u00e1 mbeadh praghsanna leictreachais inathraithe in aghaidh na huaire ar f\u00e1il.<\/p>\n\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n

\u00d3 fhigi\u00far a 1 is f\u00e9idir a fheice\u00e1il go bhfuil beagnach gach teaghlach ar Inis M\u00f3r i dteach teaghlaigh \/ bungal\u00f3, n\u00edl m\u00f3r\u00e1n \u00e1ras\u00e1n ann. T\u00e9itear 86% de na h\u00e1itribh ch\u00f3naithe le breosla\u00ed iontaise (ola, gual, m\u00f3in, f\u00e9ach ar [2,3,4,5] ar fhigi\u00far a 1). T\u00f3gadh 50% de na tithe roimh 1970 (f\u00e9ach T\u00e1bla 1).<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n

Sa ch\u00e9ad ch\u00e9im, roghna\u00edodh na pr\u00edomhfhoirgnimh (f\u00e9ach figi\u00far a 2) bunaithe ar ch\u00f3ras sc\u00f3r\u00e1la bunaithe ar chrit\u00e9ir \u00e9ags\u00fala mar shampla; teicni\u00fail, pobal agus eacnama\u00edoch.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n

Uirlis agus modheola\u00edocht phlean\u00e1la<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Glactar leis go bhfaighidh na tithe c\u00f3naithe praghas leictreachais inathraithe in aghaidh na huaire mar at\u00e1 i gc\u00e1s spotphraghsanna an mhargaidh an lae ina dhiaidh na h\u00c9ireann. \u00d3s rud go socra\u00edtear praghas an leictreachais bunaithe ar an l\u00e1 roimhe sin, is f\u00e9idir na caid\u00e9il teasa leictreachais a bharrfheabhs\u00fa sa chaoi is go n-\u00fas\u00e1idtear leictreachas ag tr\u00e9imhs\u00ed ama ina mbeidh an costas \u00edseal.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n

\u00d3 Fhigi\u00far a 3 is f\u00e9idir a fheice\u00e1il go bhfuil athruithe m\u00f3ra laeth\u00fala ar phraghsanna leictreachais sa t\u00edr. Tr\u00ed na caid\u00e9il teasa a oibri\u00fa de r\u00e9ir \u00e9ileamh an mhargaidh is f\u00e9idir leis na l\u00edon t\u00ed costais a sh\u00e1bh\u00e1il agus tac\u00fa le seasmhacht c\u00f3ras greille leictreachais an oile\u00e1in.<\/p>\n\n

M\u00fanla r\u00e9itigh ama inathraithe<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Don anail\u00eds seo t\u00f3gadh gn\u00e1-thithe c\u00f3naithe agus samhla\u00edodh go raibh caid\u00e9il teasa (ag \u00fas\u00e1id foinse aer \u00f3n taobh amuigh) agus umair st\u00f3r\u00e1la teirmeacha iontu. Rinneadh anail\u00eds ar an me\u00e1n sol\u00fabthacht \u00f3 thaobh an \u00e9ilimh fuinnimh de agus an ts\u00e1bh\u00e1il costais a bheadh i gceist, tr\u00ed mh\u00fanla optamaithe a fhorbairt. Chun na riachtanais chumhachta a bheith i gceart, forbra\u00edodh samhail le go mbeadh s\u00e9 ind\u00e9anta go mbeadh fhios agat an t-\u00e9ileamh fuinnimh ag aon am ar leith don l\u00e1. <\/p>\n\n

Nuair a bh\u00edonn \u00e9ileamh uisce te ann, t\u00e1 r\u00e9iteach ama do n\u00f3im\u00e9ad amh\u00e1in ag an tsamhail. In amanna gan tomhaltas uisce te, t\u00e1 uair an chloig amh\u00e1in mar r\u00e9iteach ama chun an t-umar uisce te a th\u00e9amh agus a athl\u00edonadh. Mar thoradh air sin, t\u00e1 an bhliain optamaithe roinnte ina c\u00e9imeanna do 42,000 \u00f3 thaobh ama de. Is \u00e9 bun\u00fas na samhla seo n\u00e1 samhail fhisici\u00fail de thithe c\u00f3naithe \u00e9ags\u00fala agus a gc\u00f3rais teasa a bheith agat agus eolas faoina sonra\u00ed teirmeacha, an m\u00e9id a gn\u00f3thaigh an teach \u00f3 thaobh teasa de, an m\u00e9id a gn\u00f3thaigh an teach \u00f3 thaobh teas na gr\u00e9ine de, agus caillteanais teasa sa teach. \u00das\u00e1ideadh sonra\u00ed rada\u00edochta gr\u00e9ine agus teochta [1] d\u2019Inis M\u00f3r don bhliain 2016 san ionsamhl\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n

Samhail caid\u00e9il teasa <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Braitheann feidhm\u00edocht na gcaid\u00e9al teasa go l\u00e1idir ar theocht na foinse teasa agus ar theocht an tsol\u00e1thair teasa. Maidir leis na su\u00edomhanna p\u00edol\u00f3tacha seo, is iad na caid\u00e9il teasa le foinse aeir a d\u00e9antar meas\u00fan\u00fa ina leith. T\u00e1 costais infheist\u00edochta s\u00e1ch \u00edseal acu agus is f\u00e9idir na caid\u00e9il teasa \u00e9ags\u00fala a chaighde\u00e1n\u00fa lena ch\u00e9ile. Is \u00ed an fhoinse teasa n\u00e1 an t-aer comhthimpeallach lasmuigh, \u00f3na mbaintear an teas. D\u00e9anann comh\u00e9ifeacht na feidhm\u00edochta (COP) cur s\u00edos ar an gcumhacht teirmeach a shol\u00e1thra\u00edonn an caid\u00e9al teasa i nd\u00e1il leis an leictreachas \u00eddithe:<\/p>\n\n

Aschur Teirmeach = Ionchur Leictreach * COP (Thermal Output=Electrical Input * COP) <\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n

Maidir leis na foirgnimh p\u00edol\u00f3tacha ar an oile\u00e1n, d\u00e9anann an caid\u00e9al teasa teocht an uisce a thiont\u00fa go teochta\u00ed n\u00edos airde, agus sol\u00e1thra\u00edtear an t-uisce te go dt\u00ed radaitheoir\u00ed teasa at\u00e1 crochta ar bhalla\u00ed an t\u00ed. Braitheann facht\u00f3ir feidhm\u00edochta an chaid\u00e9il teasa COP go l\u00e1idir ar theocht an aeir lasmuigh agus ar theocht an tsol\u00e1thair do na radaitheoir\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n

Athra\u00edonn teocht an aeir an chuid is m\u00f3 den am idir 5 agus 10 \u00b0 C sa gheimhreadh (f\u00e9ach Figi\u00far a 5). Is me\u00e1n maith teochta \u00e9 sin chun go mbeadh na caid\u00e9il teasa ag feidhmi\u00fa i gceart.<\/p>\n\n

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Teorainneacha an radaitheora <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Braitheann teocht an tseomra go m\u00f3r ar an teocht at\u00e1 ag an uisce ag teacht go dt\u00ed na radaitheoir\u00ed [2]. Cailleann radaitheoir\u00ed a gcumas an teas a sheachadadh ag teochta\u00ed sol\u00e1thair n\u00edos \u00edsle (f\u00e9ach Figi\u00fair a 6).<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n

Ar an taobh eile, \u00e9ir\u00edonn na caid\u00e9il teasa n\u00edos \u00e9ifeachta\u00ed (COP n\u00edos airde) ag teochta\u00ed sol\u00e1thair n\u00edos \u00edsle agus t\u00e1 s\u00e9 de chumas ag na caid\u00e9il teasa \u00e9ileamh an uisce te a mh\u00e9ad\u00fa nuair is g\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n

Aistri\u00fa cliste m\u00f3d na gcaid\u00e9al teasa <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Os rud \u00e9 go mb\u00edonn luachanna \u00edsle COP agus droch\u00e9ifeacht\u00falacht leictreach an chaid\u00e9il teasa mar thoradh ar theochta\u00ed sol\u00e1thair ard, is f\u00e9idir leis an rial\u00fa caid\u00e9il teasa san ionsamhl\u00fa teocht an tsol\u00e1thair do na radaitheoir\u00ed a athr\u00fa \/ a bharrfheabhs\u00fa ag brath ar na riachtanais t\u00e9imh agus na praghsanna cumhachta i 10\u00b0C c\u00e9imeanna (40\u00b0C, 50\u00b0C, 60\u00b0C, 70\u00b0C) a l\u00e9ir\u00edtear i bhfigi\u00far a 7. Chomh maith le t\u00e9amh, is f\u00e9idir leis an gcaid\u00e9al teasa an st\u00f3r\u00e1il a ath\u00e9amh agus uisce te a shol\u00e1thar go d\u00edreach.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n

I bhfigi\u00far a 8 taispe\u00e1ntar an sol\u00e1thar teasa i rith na bliana 2016 lena n-\u00e1ir\u00edtear na teochta\u00ed sol\u00e1thair i ndathanna \u00e9ags\u00fala. Is f\u00e9idir a fheice\u00e1il go nd\u00e9antar teocht an tsol\u00e1thair a choigeart\u00fa go minic. Is toradh \u00e9 seo ar an gc\u00e1s costais \u00edosta do theach 1 (f\u00e9ach an sainmh\u00edni\u00fa th\u00edos). Is iad na leibh\u00e9il \u00e9ags\u00fala cumhachta t\u00e9imh teorainneacha an radaitheora, ag an teocht sol\u00e1thair a thugtar.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n

C\u00e1sanna le haghaidh ionsamhlaithe<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Maidir leis na seacht bhfoirgnimh ar Inis M\u00f3r at\u00e1 liostaithe i dT\u00e1bla a 2 th\u00edos, t\u00e1 c\u00f3ras optamaithe forbartha d\u00f3ibh. \u00das\u00e1idtear compar\u00e1id idir dh\u00e1 ch\u00e1s chun anail\u00eds a dh\u00e9anamh ar an m\u00e9id sol\u00fabthachta agus coigilteas \u00e9ilimh leictreachais gur f\u00e9idir a ghini\u00faint tr\u00ed thithe c\u00f3naithe at\u00e1 feistithe le caid\u00e9il teasa a re\u00e1cht\u00e1il go barrmhaith. Maidir le comhartha sti\u00fartha do na caid\u00e9il teasa, d\u2019\u00fas\u00e1ideamar spotphraghas margaidh na h\u00c9ireann.<\/p>\n\n

Na C\u00e1sanna:<\/pre>\n\n